Plant-based foods play a crucial role in human nutrition and overall health. The consumption of dietary fiber, unsaturated fats, phytosterols, and essential trace elements (vitamins and minerals) from plant sources is linked to improved health outcomes. These nutrients help in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. Recent nutritional research has emphasized the health benefits of phytic acid and its lower inositol phosphates, including their antioxidant properties, role in diabetes prevention, and anticancer effects. While the consumption of phenolic compounds is linked to numerous health benefits, it is crucial to consider the appropriate dosage for humans. However, it is important to account for the fact that these sources contain various types of polyphenols in differing concentrations. Phenols are bestowed with several nutraceutical properties viz., antioxidant, apoptotic, anti-aging, anticarcinogen, anti-inflammation, antiatherosclerosis, cardiovascular protection, improvement of the endothelial function, as well as inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation activity. This finding also encourages increasing consumption of red gram by population groups aiming at calorie reduction. The diversity in the occurrence of these bioactive principles suggest the potential role of red gram as an ingredient in the foods for specific conditions due its nutraceutical potential.
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